Project duration: July 2015 - May 2016

Project management: Prof Dr Klaus Jan Philipp
Project assistants: Dr Jan Lubitz, Christiane Fülscher M.A., Dr Simon Paulus, Dr Dietlinde Schmitt-Vollmer

Client: Stuttgart Regional Council, State Office for Monument Preservation, Department 86 - Monument Preservation, Esslingen am Neckar

Analysis of relevant specialist journals, specialist literature and relevant internet databases in the Federal Republic of Germany from 2010 onwards with regard to articles on dealing with cultural monuments from the 1960s and 1970s. Keywording of relevant passages of the collected articles. Recording of different topics dealt with in the articles for the preparation of a keyword catalogue. Evaluation of the collected literature with regard to keywords, including a short written summary. Creation of a subject catalogue with several classification categories (e.g. building materials and methods; floor plans; urban structures; building types etc.) incl. allocation of the researched articles based on the keyword catalogue.

Summary of the results

Project duration: September 2013 - September 2014

Project management: Prof Dr Klaus Jan Philipp
Project manager: Michael Wenger

Funding: Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts Baden-Württemberg
Department 54 (Media and Film, Archives and State Libraries)

In many respects, Joseph von Egle is one of the most fascinating figures among the artists of an era that oscillated between aristocratic behaviour and bourgeois self-confidence. Egle came from the humblest Upper Swabian farming background; he was born on 23 November 1818 in Dellmensingen near Laupheim, south of Ulm. His talent for drawing drew attention to him. He studied at the academies in Vienna and Berlin under the important teachers Bötticher and Strack. From 1842 to 1847, he was a correspondent for the Vienna-based ‘Allgemeine Bauzeitung’, which was extremely important for architecture at the time. He travelled through northern Germany and England on behalf of the newspaper before embarking on an extensive trip to Paris and Italy in 1847/48 to broaden his horizons. After settling in Stuttgart, his stellar career began.

In 1848, he was appointed director of the Stuttgart School of Civil Engineering, which he headed until his death. In 1850, he was appointed professor at the Polytechnic and now held the title of Oberbaurat. In 1857, he advanced to become Württemberg's court architect and served the kings Wilhelm I, Karl and Wilhelm II until the end of his life. His significant achievements for the court include the flats of the royal couple Karl and Olga in the New Palace in Stuttgart and the so-called Small Villa in Park Berg for Grand Duchess Wera. Alongside these buildings are unrealised designs for palaces on Lake Constance. From 1886 to 1892, he was head of the building and garden directorate with the title of court building director.

Due to his Catholic faith, Egle became one of the most important church architects in the kingdom. As a Catholic church architect, he had to position himself in the Protestant-dominated Württemberg and assert himself in the times of Bismarck's Kulturkampf. Small projects, as well as the large-scale project of St Mary's in Stuttgart, bear witness to his enormous historical knowledge and craftsmanship in this field. In addition, his church restorations - he had been an advisor to the Ulm Minster Building Commission since 1855 - caused a great stir among his contemporaries.

The state also approached Egle to have important state buildings constructed by him. The Polytechnic and the Baugewerkeschule - both located in Stuttgart's Stadtgarten - were large buildings for the school system, the likes of which had never been seen before in the Kingdom of Württemberg.

There were also a number of important villas and houses for the middle classes. The Villa Knosp (Rotebühlstraße) is still one of the most important buildings of this ‘genre’ in Stuttgart.

Estate
Joseph von Egle's estate of drawings was previously thought to be lost. However, it has been preserved in private ownership in Switzerland. Egle's daughter had married in Switzerland and the marriage remained childless. After the death of her husband, the daughter became impoverished and lived as a ‘boarder’ with a Swiss family of architects. She left her father's estate of drawings to them as a sign of her gratitude. The family of architects, whose office is now in its fifth generation, keeps the estate organised in folders. However, it cannot be ruled out that Joseph von Egle's estate could end up on the art market due to the high quality of the drawings and the special nature of the collection.5 Advisory Board of the Ulm Minster Building Commission - causing quite a stir among contemporaries.

The estate includes drawings of various kinds: Egle was a gifted draughtsman, and his study drawings (nudes, portraits, tree studies) from his training period are of the highest quality. His numerous travel sketches from northern Germany, England, Paris, Italy and Rome present him as an attentive observer of everything from panoramic overviews to meticulously recorded details of buildings in all styles. Egle's actual architectural drawings of his buildings in Stuttgart and the surrounding area preserve this high quality of drawing and show him to be an architect at the height of his time, who responded to the respective building task with stylistic confidence and at the same time was open to structural and stylistic innovations.
This collection of drawings is complemented by rare large-scale photographs by the Stuttgart photographer Friedrich Brandseph (1826-1915), including photos of St Mary's Church taken at the time of its construction.

The digital copies are available in the Digital Collections of Stuttgart University Library.

Project duration: June - December 2013

Project manager: Prof Dr Klaus Jan Philipp
Project manager: Dr Christian Vöhringer

Client: State Office for Monument Preservation (LAD), Stuttgart Regional Council, Department 86 - Monument Preservation, Esslingen am Neckar

The aim of the project was to compile an overview of state university and college buildings from 1960 to 1980 in the administrative district of Stuttgart. The aim of the first section was to name realised characteristic facilities and individual buildings in Baden-Württemberg and to classify them in terms of their architectural history. The facilities and building types (teaching and research institutes, libraries, lecture theatres, refectories, student halls of residence) belonging to a university or college (e.g. teacher training college, college of music) were to be taken into account. Attention was also paid to the urban planning context and the involvement of important architects.
The second section focussed on the buildings in the administrative district of Stuttgart. These were to be analysed in depth and compared in terms of architectural history. The results should serve as a basis for the monumental evaluation.

The basis for the first section was the development of a brief overview of university and college buildings from 1960 to 1980 in Baden-Württemberg through comprehensive literature research. This included in detail
- compiling a bibliography of contemporary literature and secondary literature
- the elaboration of higher education policy goals and models and their relation to architecture.
- a written summary of the characteristic and formative influencing factors on university and college construction from 1960 to 1980.
- compiling a list of the trend-setting university and college buildings realised between 1960 and 1980 with references to the literature, highlighting the buildings of the highest architectural quality, including the cultural monuments already recognised.

The aim of the second section was to take a comparative and in-depth look at the university and college buildings from the 1960s to 1980s in the administrative district of Stuttgart.
- Historical evaluation of the university and college buildings in the administrative district of Stuttgart in data sheets by analysing contemporary literature and secondary literature. The data sheets contain information on the client, architect, construction method, materials, floor plan organisation etc. as well as a comparative and evaluative brief description of the individual buildings.

Results

Funding: Baden-Württemberg Cultural Heritage Foundation

The Neues Lusthaus (1580-1593) in Stuttgart, which fell victim to a fire, was one of the most important secular buildings of the Renaissance in Germany. In a new project, scientists at the Institute of Architectural History at the University of Stuttgart are now researching and digitising comprehensive plan drawings by the architect Carl Friedrich Beisbarth from the 19th century. The research project is one of seven projects funded by the Baden-Württemberg Cultural Heritage Foundation with more than 14,000 euros in 2012.

The drawings for the Neues Lusthaus are still lying dormant in Stuttgart University Library: most of them are bound in ten volumes of 18 to 30 sheets each. On the numbered sheets, Carl Friedrich Beisbarth recorded many details of the furnishings, the foundations, the building structure, the roof and individual technical components of the Lusthaus. The architect documented the sheets in a handwritten catalogue, in some cases with explanatory sketches. In order to preserve the original sheets, the Stuttgart researchers will catalogue them and scan them in high resolution. This allows them to compare Beisbarth's drawings with architectural drawings from other collections and historical photos of fragments of the Lusthaus. The digitised drawings and other data on the Neues Lusthaus can later be viewed by anyone interested in the publicly accessible portal to libraries, archives and museums (www.bam-portal.de).

Funding: German Research Foundation; Agence Nationale de la Recherche

As part of the project, a complete building survey of the abbey with accompanying archival research is to form the basis for a chronological study of the building from its beginnings to the present day. With the exception of Heike Hansen's new work on the west façade of the abbey church, there has so far been no building research analysis of this important complex, which is mentioned in all standard works as a major work of French Romanesque architecture, but has been ignored by previous research, which has essentially been limited to the façade. The as yet unknown enclosure buildings, which were recently donated to the city, are an essential part of the project. The planned excavations, which are to be carried out by the Laboratoire d'Archéologie Médiévale Méditerranéenne (LAMM) of the Université de Provence Aix-Marseille as a project partner, will be carried out in collaboration with the Institute for the History of Architecture (ifag), which began in 2006 at the Valbonne Charterhouse (Gard) and which combines the areas of expertise of both institutes, in particular the use of digitalised laser technology (ifag), building analysis (LAMM) and excavation archaeology (LAMM), which was already used in Saint-Gilles in 2004. The joint research project covers a variety of new topics such as the architectural form, the reconstruction of the building as a whole, the architectural-historical position and significance of the church building in architectural history and the type of disturbances and alterations that occurred from the 12th to the 20th century, knowledge of which is also important for the preliminary planning of the future renovation of the cloister area.

The potential of this project lies in the synthesis of the different disciplines, a practical approach closely oriented to the architectural findings on the one hand and a specialised, art-historical and architectural archaeological level of knowledge on the other. As a highly significant but little researched major work of Romanesque church architecture, Saint-Gilles Abbey offers a particularly outstanding object for the expansion of this fruitful partnership between the two institutes.

Contact:
Dr.-Ing. Heike Hansen (hansen.heike@gmx.de)

Publication

Project duration: October 2010 - December 2010

Project management: Prof. Dr Klaus Jan Philipp
Project manager: Dr phil. Christian Vöhringer

Client: Stuttgart Regional Council, State Office for Monument Preservation, Department 86 - Monument Preservation, Esslingen am Neckar

Evaluation of relevant specialist journals and relevant Internet databases to record approx. 50 buildings (1960-1979; core period 1965-1975); comparative and in-depth examination of a selection of administrative buildings (approx. 25) (further literature research; inspection of archival records) and comparative and historically evaluated brief description of the selected buildings as well as appraisal of the architect(s).

The results of the studies were published in:
Beton, Glas und Büffelleder. Verwalten in Denkmalen der 1960er und 1970er Jahre im Regierungsbezirk Stuttgart (Arbeitsheft 30, Landesamt für Denkmalpflege), Darmstadt 2014 (published in January 2015); including pp. 11-28: Klaus Jan Philipp and Christian Vöhringer, Verwaltungsbauten und Rathäuser der 1960er und 1970er Jahre

Between 2003 and 2005, the German Research Foundation (DFG) funded a building archaeology research project by the Institute for Architectural History at the Gothic cathedral in Auxerre. The project involved a so-called deformation-based building survey and its archaeological analysis to decipher the construction chronology of the cathedral's five portals.

One of the basic ideas behind the project was to deliberately anticipate the necessary restoration of the cathedral in order to draw attention to particularly valuable findings and restoration problems. The most important research result was a chronology of the five portals, which was directly linked to the restoration pre-programming and subsequent conservation measures. Investigations of the largely medieval roof structures with regard to their structural development and structural sequence also contributed to the understanding of the portal chronology.

The international and interdisciplinary research team, which consisted of a research group of architects, archaeologists, building researchers, geologists and art historians, worked in cooperation with the Centre d'études médiévales (CNRS). The results of the research campaign were published in Bauwelt 40-41/2005. From 27 to 29 September 2007, the results of the work of the Institute of Architectural History were presented in Auxerre as part of the colloquium ‘La cathédrale St. Etienne d'Auxerre’.

Contact:
o. Prof. em. Dr. Dieter Kimpel
Dr.-Ing. Heike Hansen (hansen.heike@gmx.de)
Dipl.-Ing. Götz Echtenacher (buero@echtenacher.de)